Frank Lee Buchanan

The First Battalion, 2nd Marines participated in the August landings in the Solomon Islands in August 1942 – but soon found themselves on “abysmally boring, terribly uncomfortable, and unhealthy” garrison duty on Tulagi. Among them was seventeen-year-old Private Frank Buchanan who ran away from home and lied about his birthday and residence to enlist.

On the evening of 9 October 1942, the battalion made ready for a raid against a Japanese encampment at Aola Bay on Guadalcanal’s north coast. Four hundred and thirty men assembled on the beach and boarded a small fleet of eight “T Boats” – the Higgins “Eureka” model, also known as the Landing Craft Personnel, Large (LCPL) – that would ferry them across Sealark Channel to Aola. The objective was more than thirty miles away, so a pair of Yard Patrol craft (“Challenger” and “Endeavor”) were assigned as tow vessels. “Four Higgins boats were towed behind each YP, but instead of securing each boat to the YP by a separate towline, the boats were tied one to the other in a column,” explained William Rogal of A/1/2. “Thus the lead boat, the only one tied directly to the YP, had to bear the strain of the three loaded boats tied to its stern.”

The raiding party departed at dusk, setting a very modest five knot pace across open water. The “Yippies,” fishing boats pressed into wartime service, unarmed and unarmored, relying on the cover of night to cross undetected. Unfortunately, as Rogal relates, “the sky to our rear lit up with flashes of light and the booming of heavy guns reached our ears…. My discomfort was not helped by the highly visible sparks that spewed from my YP’s stack.” The Yippie skippers gunned their engines to escape the unknown threat.

Lieutenant Floyd E. Parks‘ Second Platoon occupied the first Higgins boat towed by YP-284 “Endeavor.” The sudden acceleration proved too much for the plywood frame, and with a sickening splintering sound, the boat split in two and capsized. Horrified Marines weighted down by combat gear found themselves sinking to the bottom of the channel. Fourteen clung to the wreckage or surfaced in a panic; Pharmacist’s Mate Eugene Baxter personally rescued ten survivors. Another fifteen Marines – including Private Buchanan – drowned, and were never seen again.